Datenbank Model ausgelagert

app.py

@@ -1,29 +1,36 @@
 from flask import Flask, render_template, request, jsonify
 from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
 
-# Initialize the database object
-db = SQLAlchemy()
+# Importing db from models to ensure it exists and is initialized properly
+from models import db
 
+# Function to initialize the database with the app context
+def initialize_db(app):
+    # Push the application context to make it available within this function
+    app.app_context().push()
+    # Initialize the SQLAlchemy database with the Flask app configuration
+    db.init_app(app)
+    # Create all tables defined in the models (if they don't already exist)
+    db.create_all()
+    # Commit any changes to the database session
+    db.session.commit()
+
+# Function to create and configure the Flask application
 def create_app():
-    # Create a new Flask application instance
+    # Create a new Flask application instance with the name of the current module (__name__)
     app = Flask(__name__)
     
-    # Configure the SQLite database URI for the application
-    app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///mydatabase.db'
-    
-    # Disable tracking modifications to SQLAlchemy objects
+    # Configure the SQLAlchemy database URI for SQLite, using 'learn.db' as the file location
+    app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///learn.db'
+    # Disable tracking modifications of objects in the session to improve performance
     app.config['SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS'] = False
 
-    # Initialize the database object with the Flask application instance
-    db.init_app(app)
+    # Call the initialize_db function with the newly created Flask app instance
+    initialize_db(app)
 
-    # Import and initialize models, then create tables within the app context
-    with app.app_context():
-        from models import User  # Assuming there is a file named models.py containing the User model
-        from utils import check_and_create_tables  # Assuming there is a file named utils.py containing the check_and_create_tables function
-        check_and_create_tables(db)  # Call the function to ensure tables are created if they don't exist
     return app
 
+# Entry point for running the Flask application when this script is executed directly
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     # Create and run the Flask application instance with debugging enabled
     app = create_app()

config.py

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-class Config:
-    app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///learn.db'
-    app.config['SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS'] = False

models.py

@@ -1,7 +1,16 @@
-from app import db
+# Import necessary modules
+from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
 
-class User(db.Model):
+# Create an instance of SQLAlchemy and assign it to db
+db = SQLAlchemy()
+
+# Define a User model class that inherits from db.Model
+class table_user(db.Model):
+    # Define the id column as an integer primary key
     id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
-    username = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True, nullable=False)
-    password = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
-    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
+    # Define the user_name column as a string with max length 80 and must be unique and not nullable
+    user_name = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True, nullable=False)
+    # Define the user_password column as a string with max length 120 and must be unique and not nullable
+    user_password = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
+    # Define the user_email column as a string with max length 120 and must be unique and not nullable
+    user_email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)

utils.py

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-from sqlalchemy import inspect, Integer, String
-
-def check_and_create_tables(db):
-    inspector = inspect(db.engine)
-
-    # Überprüfen, ob die Tabelle 'user' existiert
-    if not inspector.has_table('user'):
-        print("Tabelle 'user' existiert nicht, sie wird erstellt.")
-        db.create_all()
-    else:
-        print("Tabelle 'user' existiert.")
-        # Überprüfen der Spalten
-        columns = inspector.get_columns('user')
-        column_names = [col['name'] for col in columns]
-
-        # Benötigte Spalten
-        required_columns = {
-            'id': Integer,
-            'username': String,
-            'email': String
-        }
-
-        for col_name, col_type in required_columns.items():
-            if col_name not in column_names:
-                print(f"Spalte '{col_name}' fehlt, sie wird hinzugefügt.")
-                with db.engine.connect() as conn:
-                    if col_type == Integer:
-                        conn.execute(f'ALTER TABLE user ADD COLUMN {col_name} INTEGER')
-                    elif col_type == String:
-                        conn.execute(f'ALTER TABLE user ADD COLUMN {col_name} STRING')